ABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective To expose the current situation of the Brazilian Nuclear Medicine in relation to innovation, taking into account the Intellectual Property protection and the particularities of this field. Methods The number and the origin of patents filings from Brazil, United States and European Patent Convention countries were retrospectively compared in a 20-year period. Results The number of accumulated patents filings of conventional pharmaceuticals was ten times higher compared to the radiopharmaceuticals in the three regions studied. Conclusion The largest number of Brazilian patents filings corresponded to the international patent applications, which is related to the country development conditions, as well as to the difficulties in the process of patent filing.
RESUMO Objetivo Evidenciar a situação atual da Medicina Nuclear brasileira em relação à inovação, considerando a proteção à Propriedade Intelectual e suas particularidades na área. Métodos Foi realizado um levantamento comparativo do número e da origem de depósitos de patentes relacionadas a essa área no Brasil, nos Estados Unidos e em países participantes da European Patent Convention , em um período de 20 anos retroativos. Resultados O número de depósitos acumulados de patentes de medicamentos convencionais foi dez vezes maior quando comparado às famílias relacionadas aos processos que envolvem radiofármacos, nas três regiões estudadas. Conclusão O maior número de depósitos de patentes brasileiras correspondeu aos pedidos de patentes internacionais, refletindo as condições de desenvolvimento do país, bem como as dificuldades encontradas no processo de depósito de uma patente.
Subject(s)
Humans , Patents as Topic/statistics & numerical data , Radiopharmaceuticals , Nuclear Medicine/trends , Patents as Topic/legislation & jurisprudence , United States , Brazil , Inventions/legislation & jurisprudence , Inventions/statistics & numerical dataABSTRACT
This paper examines the impact of bioethics on patent claims. The increase in research activities involving human biological materials, and the rush to commercialise inventions derived from such biological materials, can at times result in unethical conduct of research. Questions arise as to whether patent law should concern itself with tainted research that has resulted in an invention or whether it should grant patent rights solely on the basis of the technical improvements resulting from such research. This paper highlights the significance of ethical practice in biomedical research, an issue that may influence the decision to grant patents on inventions. It explores the relation between morality, bioethics and patents from the perspective of the objectives of the patent system and current developments in the law on patents. The inclusion of the morality provision in patent law introduces a mechanism through which inventions derived from tainted research can be filtered at an early stage.